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    • 专利摘要:
    method and device for twisting end portions of bar conductors, in particular for windings of the electrical machine bar type. a twisting method (100) is described for twisting free end portions (2a, 3a, 2a ', 3a') of bar conductors (1, 1 ') for a rod winding of a stator or rotor of a machine electric, comprising: - a provision step (101) of a torsion device (10) comprising at least one housing member (11), which extends around a torsion axis (z - z) provided with an arrangement circular (s1) of accommodation having its center on the torsion axis (z-z), where the housing member (11) includes a main structure (11a) provided with an arch (r1) of adjacent accommodation of said arrangement (s1) , and a secondary structure (11b) that is movably mounted in relation to the main structure (11a) and is provided with an additional housing (11b ') of said arrangement (s1), each of the accommodation of said arrangement (s1) comprising a respective insertion opening (11a ", 11b") through which one of said free end portions (2a, 2a ') passes, for insertion removal of said free end portion within said housing. - a provision step (102) of a stator core (20) or a rotor core (20) provided with a plurality of grooves (24), which are filled by a respective plurality of the conductive bar shots (1, 1 ') positioned with said free end portions (2a, 2a') exiting on one side of the stator or rotor core (20), with said end portions (2a, 2a ') forming a circular arrangement (t1) ; - an insertion step (103), in an arc (r1) of housings of the main structure (11a), of an arc of adjacent end portions (2a, 2a ') of said end portion arrangement (t1); - a first twisting step (104) of the end portion arc, which is inserted in said housing arc (r1) by the relative rotation and translation movement between said core (20) and said housing member (11) ; - a step of axially translating (105) the secondary structure (11b) in relation to the main structure (11a), for insertion, in said additional housing (11b ') of the secondary structure (11b), of an additional end portion (2a ) of said arrangement (t1) of end portions; and - a second simultaneous twisting step (106), by means of another relative movement of rotation and translation between said core (20) and said housing member (11), of the arc of end portions that is inserted in the additional housing (11b ') of the secondary structure (11b).
    公开号:BR112013017243B1
    申请号:R112013017243-6
    申请日:2011-01-04
    公开日:2020-09-29
    发明作者:Sante Guercioni
    申请人:Tecnomatic S.P.A；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    [001] The present invention relates to a method and a twisting device for twisting the free end portions of bar conductors, in particular for the rotor or stator windings of electrical appliances.
    [002] Stators and rotors of electrical devices, such as electric generators or motors, are already known for use in hybrid electric vehicles (VEHs), for example, in which the stator or rotor winding consists of a plurality of bus conductors , which are folded and variously interconnected to each other, in order to provide the so-called bar windings.
    [003] In particular, the prior art includes bar windings made through electrical conductors in bars having an essentially rectangular cross section, where "rectangular" means that there is a "flat" section which generally indicates a rectangular section in which one of the two sides of the section has a smaller size in relation to the other; such bars may also have a square section.
    [004] Said electrical bar conductors are generally pre-formed by bending, in a "U" or "P" shape, straight bar conductors. U.S. Patent 7,480,987 describes a method for preforming electrical conductive bars (referred to in such a document as "hairpin" conductors). Preformed "U" or "P" conductors, also often called, in the art field, "basic preformed conductors", typically have two adjacent arms of different lengths, each provided with a free end portion and an opposite end portion, which is joined to the other arm by means of a joining portion.
    [005] To provide a stator, for example, two different types of twisting of preformed "U" or "P" conductors are known.
    [006] In a first type of twist, also called "twist from the insertion side", the preformed basic conductors are properly inserted in respective radially aligned housings that are provided in a twisting device, suitable for deforming, after insertion, such conductors. The torsion device is used mainly to "spread" the arms out of the "U" or "P" shape, so that both arms of the same conductor, after being removed from the torsion device, can be successively inserted in grooves of a stator core, such grooves being radially displaced from each other by a predetermined step.
    [007] Published patent application US 2009/0178270 describes an example of a "insertion side" twisting method, for twisting with uniform pitch of preformed bar conductors, after being inserted into housings of a twisting device .
    [008] After undergoing the first type of torsion, the bar conductors are inserted into the grooves of the stator core through a first side of it (the so-called "insertion side"), with the respective free end portions projecting up from a second side of the core (the so-called "welding side" or "connecting side"), which is opposite the first side.
    [009] The free end portions that come out from the welding side are then subjected to a second type of twist, also called "welding side twist", after being inserted into housings provided with a suitable twisting device. The purpose of the twisting device is to bend ("twist") the free end portions of the conductors in order to properly shape these end portions and therefore allow the provision of adequate electrical connections between conductors to complete the winding.
    [0010] It should be noted that the precision of the folding of the free end portions of the conductors facilitates the formation of connections between the conductors. However, for various reasons, it can be difficult to bend the free end portions of the conductors correctly and precisely as needed. For example, as the size of these end portions that exit from the welding side is generally relatively small, it can be difficult to access the end portions of the conductors to perform the necessary operations to ensure correct bending, both in the circumferential direction as axial, in relation to the stator core axis. Furthermore, as an example, the precise conformation of the conductors is complicated by the fact that they are provided with an intrinsic elasticity, which, after bending, tries to pull them partially back to their initial configuration.
    [0011] U.S. published patent application 2009/0302705 describes an example of a welding side twisting method of the above type. The method described in this patent application allows to obtain a non-uniform twisting of the free end portions of bar conductors. To provide such a twist, the patent application describes a twisting device that comprises a housing member provided with a lost motion element, to define a housing for a housing member. In particular, the lost movement member is mounted circumferentially movable with respect to a main structure of the housing member.
    [0012] There is a need for an alternative twisting method to be provided, in relation to the aforementioned state of the art, for twisting free end portions of bar conductors, for windings of the bar type of electrical machines.
    [0013] The general purpose of the present description is to provide a twisting method that is able to satisfy the needs mentioned above.
    [0014] This and other objectives are achieved by a twisting method as defined in claim 1, in its most general form, and in its dependent claims, in some forms of specific incorporation thereof.
    [0015] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a twisting device as defined in claim 6, in its most general form, and in its dependent claims, in some specific forms of incorporation thereof.
    [0016] The invention will be more clearly understood from the detailed description of its forms of incorporation, which are illustrative and, therefore, not limiting, with respect to the attached drawings, in which: - Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a currently preferred embodiment of a twisting device for twisting free end portions of bar conductors, in particular for windings of electrical machines, where the twisting device is shown in a first operating configuration ; - Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the device of fig. 1, where the equipment is shown in a second operating configuration; - Fig. 3 shows a top view of the device of fig. 1, in the first operating configuration; - Fig. 4 shows a top view of the device of fig. 1, in the second operating configuration; - Fig. 5 shows four perspective views of four components of the device of fig. 1; - Fig. 6 shows four perspective views of four other components of the device of fig. 1; - Figs. 7A to 7C show three perspective views of a bar conductor, in three different configurations, respectively; - Figs. 8A to 8C show three perspective views of another busbar, suitable for use as a phase terminal, shown in three different configurations, respectively; - Fig. 9 shows a perspective view of the device of fig. 1 in the first operating configuration, with a stator or rotor core for an electrical machine having a plurality of bar conductors inserted in corresponding grooves, where the core and the device are shown, in their entirety, in a third operating configuration ; - Fig. 10 shows another perspective view of the core and the device of fig. 9, shown in section, in the third operating configuration, with some components of the torsion device removed; - Fig. 11 shows a perspective view of the core and the device of fig. 9, shown generally in a fourth operating configuration; - Fig. 12 shows another perspective view, in section, of the core and the device of fig. 9, in a fourth operating configuration; - Fig. 13 shows an enlarged detail of fig. 12; - Fig. 14 shows another perspective view of the core and the device of fig. 9, where the core and the device are shown in the fourth operating configuration; - Fig. 15 shows a front view of an embodiment of a torsion apparatus comprising the torsion device of fig. 1; and - fig. 16 shows a flow chart of a twisting method.
    [0017] In the attached figures, the same or similar elements are indicated by the same numerical references.
    [0018] In the present description, a "flat" or "square" bar conductor indicates a bar conductor having essentially four flat sides, joined together by adjacent sides, typically having rounded edges.
    [0019] Therefore, the words "flat", "square", or equivalent words used to describe the cross section of a bar conductor, are used in the general sense and should not be interpreted in such a way as to exclude the fact that such conductors bars have significantly rounded edges that join the substantially flat sides. The term "flattened conductor" should be considered in the sense that the conductor has two opposite sides, with the distance between them being greater than the distance between the remaining two opposite sides. In the present description, the term "rectangular conductor" should be considered as a generalization of the flattened conductor and the square conductor, where the square conductor is a special case of a rectangular conductor in which the four sides are of equal dimensions.
    [0020] In the present description, a housing can be defined as a recess or depression in a limb, which is completely surrounded by that limb, as well as by a cavity in a limb, in which an open side of the cavity is efficiently closed by a surface or wall of an adjacent member.
    [0021] For the purposes of this description, the term "twist", used with reference to end portions of bar conductors, should be considered, in a general sense, as a bending or shaping of such portions, in order to provide adequate electrical connections between conductors.
    [0022] For the purposes of this description, the terms "radial" or "circumferential" and other similar expressions, defined with respect to a direction or axis, refer to a circumference that lies on a plane perpendicular to that direction or axis, and that is centered in that direction or axis. In addition, for the purposes of this description, the term "angularly spaced" (or other similar expressions), defined in relation to a direction or axis, refers to the angle between two radii of a circumference, which lies on a plane which is perpendicular to said direction or axis and whose center is in said direction or axis.
    [0023] Initially, with reference to figures 7A and 8A, two ways of incorporating busbars 1, 1 'into a stator or rotor winding of an electrical machine are shown respectively. In this example, conductors 1, 1 'are flat rectangular copper conductors, having a pair of opposite faces whose mutual distance is greater than the distance between the other two opposite faces.
    [0024] As shown in fig. 7A, the conductor 1 is a first "P" shaped preformed conductor, having two arms 2, 3 which are connected by a connecting portion 4, each having a respective free end portion 2A, 3A. The connecting portion 4 is also often called the "head portion" in the field of relevant art. As can be seen in figure 7A, the arm 2A is slightly larger than the arm 3A.
    [0025] The conductor 1 'shown in fig. 8A is a second bar conductor, in particular a conductor suitable for use as a phase terminal, having a shape that is essentially identical to that of conductor 1, except that it has an arm that is significantly longer than the other. In particular, conductor 1 'comprises two arms 2', 3 'which are connected by a connecting portion 4', each having a respective free end portion 2A ', 3A'.
    [0026] With reference now to fig. 1, the numeral 10 generally indicates a currently preferred embodiment of a twisting device for twisting the free conductor end portions of the bar for windings of the bar type of electrical machines. For example, device 10 is suitable for twisting free end portions 2A, 3A and / or free ends 2A ', 3A' of a plurality of bar conductors 1, 1 '.
    [0027] The twisting device 10 comprises at least one housing member 11, extending over a twist axis Z - Z. The housing member 11, preferably ring-shaped, comprises a main structure 11A and at least a secondary structure 11B, which is movably supported in relation to the main structure 11A.
    [0028] According to a currently preferred embodiment, shown in fig. 5, main structure 11A has an annular shape, which in this example is essentially cylindrical.
    [0029] In fig. 6, a plurality of secondary structures 11B, in particular five secondary structures 11B, are shown, according to a currently preferred embodiment. In particular, the secondary structures 11B in figure 6 can be coupled to the main structure 11A of fig. 5, in order to provide the housing member 11. In the embodiment of fig. 6, the secondary structures 11B are attached to each other by means of a curved support base 11C, to rigidly connect the end portions of the structure 11B to each other. According to other embodiments, however, the secondary structures 11B can be separated from each other. In other words, structures 11B can also be completely separate structures, which can act independently.
    [0030] With reference to figs. 3 or 4, it can be seen that the housing member 11 is provided with a circular arrangement of accommodation Sl, whose center is on the torsion axis Z - Z. The arrangement Sl comprises a plurality of accommodation 11A ', 11B', which are defined respectively by the main structure 11A and the secondary structures 11B, and globally form the arrangement Sl. The Sl arrangement, in the example, comprises 72 households. It should be noted that in figs. 3 and 4 the Z - Z torsion axis is perpendicular to the drawing plane, and is schematically represented by a cross.
    [0031] The housings 11A ', 11B' are each provided with an insertion opening 11A ", 11B", or an entrance opening 11A ", 11B", through which a respective free end portion of the conductor in the bar can pass, for example one of the end portions 2A, 3A, 2A ', 3A' of the conductors 1, 1 ', in order to allow such a portion to be inserted into the respective housing. As can be seen, the openings 11A ", 11B", in this example, have a substantially rectangular shape, and are positioned on preferably flat end faces of the main structure 11A and the secondary structures 11B, respectively. These end faces are, in particular, transversal or essentially perpendicular to the torsion axis.
    [0032] Main structure 11A defines at least one housing arch R1, which comprises a plurality of adjacent housing 11A 'of arrangement Sl. As shown in fig. 5, in this example, main structure 11A is provided with a plurality of housing arches R1. More particularly, structure 11A is composed of three housing arcs R1, which are angularly spaced in relation to the torsion arc Z - Z, each comprising a different number of housing 11A '. As shown in fig. 5, in addition to the three arcs R1, in this example, structure 11A defines two more housings 11A ', which are angularly spaced from each other and have, in particular, an axial extension (axis ZZ), which is greater than that of the other accommodations 11A '.
    [0033] Returning to figs. 3 or 4, it should be noted that the housings 11A 'of each arc R1 are angularly and evenly distributed. In other words, as shown in fig. 3 or in fig. 4, the centers of two adjacent housings 11A 'are angularly spaced from each other by the same predetermined angle Al, with respect to the torsion axis Z - Z. In this example, the angle Al is, in particular, equal to 5o.
    [0034] Still with reference to figs. 3 or 4, it should be noted that each secondary structure 11B defines at least one housing 11B 'of arrangement Sl. In other words, each secondary structure 11B defines at least one other housing 11B 'of arrangement Sl, in addition to the housing 11A' defined by main structure 11A.
    [0035] In the embodiment of the example, secondary structures 11B each define a housing arch R2 that includes a plurality of adjacent housing 11B '. In particular, the housings of the arcs R2 are also angularly and evenly distributed, so that the centers of two adjacent housings 11B 'are angularly spaced from each other by the same predetermined angle A2, in relation to the Z - Z torsion axis. For example, angle A2 is equal to angle Al, that is, 5o.
    [0036] However, it should be noted that the housings 11B 'of each secondary structure 11B are all circumferentially displaced by a predetermined amount, in one direction, relative to the housings 11A'. In other words, as shown for example in fig. 3, the centers of the housing 11A 'and the adjacent housing 11B' are angularly spaced in relation to the torsion axis by an angle that is not equal to said angles A1, A2.
    [0037] The secondary structures 11B are mounted axially, in a sliding way, that is, they can slide in the direction of the Z - Z torsion axis, in relation to the main structure 11A. More particularly, the secondary structures 11B are adapted to translate only in the direction of the Z - Z torsion axis, in relation to the main structure 11A. In other words, structures 11B are pivotally integrated with main structure 11A around the Z-Z torsion axis. Again, in other words, each structure 11B is essentially provided with only a degree of freedom from main structure 11A. In this example, in order to allow said axial sliding, the secondary structures 11B are coupled to the main structure 11A by means of precision couplings. With reference to fig. 5, in order to provide such precision couplings, the housing member 11 preferably includes a plurality of sliding seats 12, in this example, five sliding seats 12, each defined by a pair of circumferentially opposite guide walls 12 ', 12 ". In particular, a respective secondary structure 11B can slide on each seat 12.
    [0038] With reference to figs. 1 and 2, it should be noted that each secondary structure 11B assumes an operating position axially backward (fig. 1), and an operating position axially forward (fig. 2) in relation to the axially backward position.
    [0039] As can be seen in fig. 1, in the axially rearward position (Z - Z axis) each secondary structure 11B defines a recess or cavity 13 of the housing member 11. In particular, in such a position, the insertion openings 11B "of the structures 11B are positioned at a first axial distance (Z - Z axis) of the insertion openings 11A "of the housing arcs RI of the main structure.
    [0040] With reference to fig. 2, in the axially forward position (Z - Z axis), the insertion openings 11B "of housings 11B are positioned at a second axial distance from the inlet openings 11A" of the arcs RI of the main structure 11A. Such a second axial distance is preferably less than the first axial distance. In the currently preferred exemplary embodiment, when the secondary structures 11B assume the position axially forward, the insertion openings 11B "are, in particular, aligned and leveled (fig. 2) with the insertion openings 11A". According to another form of incorporation, in the axially forward position of the structures 11B, the openings 11B "can only be substantially aligned and flush with the insertion openings 11A", instead of being perfectly aligned and flush with said openings . In this case, the openings 11B "are preferably positioned axially backwards relative to the insertion openings 11A", where their distance from these last openings is preferably equal to a few millimeters, such as 1 mm up to 3 mm.
    [0041] Referring now to figs. 1, 5 and 6, it should be noted that, according to a currently preferred embodiment, the twisting device 10 comprises at least one pair of housing members. In particular, in this example, device 10 comprises two pairs of housing members 11, 14 and 15, 16, which are mutually coaxial. In this example, as can be seen in figs. 5 and 6, members 14, 15 and 16 have some structural differences in relation to member 11. However, such members have an essentially analogous function and have characteristics corresponding to those of member 11. In other words, members 14, 15 , 16 comprise respectively, for example (figures 1, 6 and 6):
    [0042] - A circular arrangement of accommodation S2, S3, S4;
    [0043] - A main structure 14A, 15A, 16A provided with at least one housing arch, including a plurality of housings 14A ', 15A', 16A 'provided with insertion openings 14A ", 15A", 16A "; and
    [0044] - At least one secondary structure 14B, 15B, 16B, which is mounted axially sliding (axis Z - Z) in relation to the main structure 14A, 15A, 16A, where the secondary structure 14B, 15B, 16B is provided with at least one housing 14B ', 15B', 16B 'with an insertion opening 14B ", 15B" and 16B ".
    [0045] Referring now to fig. 11, device 10 and the stator or rotor core 20 are shown. For example, core 20 is the core of a stator or rotor of an electrical machine, such as an electric motor, for example, for an electric vehicle or hybrid.
    [0046] As already known by itself, the core 20 comprises a lamellar tubular main body, which extends axially along the axis of the stator (which corresponds, in Figures 9 to 12, to the Z - Z torsion axis) between two opposite faces 22, 23, which are called insertion face 22 and weld face 23, respectively. The main body of the core 22 comprises a plurality of grooves 24, which extend axially (i.e., in the direction of the stator axis) within the thickness of the main body, through which a plurality of bar conductors can pass. In this example, in particular, the core 20 comprises seventy-two grooves 24. More particularly, the grooves 24 are angularly and evenly distributed, so that the centers of two adjacent grooves 24 are angularly spaced, in relation to the torsion axis, by an angle equal to the above mentioned angle Al, that is, 5o.
    [0047] According to an embodiment, the grooves 24 of the core 20 are filled with two crowns 25, 35 of bar conductors, in particular an inner radial crown 25 and an outer radial crown 35. In this example, crown 25 it exclusively comprises a plurality of conductors 1 (figs. 7A to 7C), while the crown 35 comprises a plurality of conductors 1 and a plurality of phase terminals 1 '(figs. 8A to 8C).
    [0048] With reference to figs. 9 and 10, in which the core 20 is shown partially, it can be seen that the conductors lei 'are inserted in grooves 24, with the respective free end portions 2A, 3A and 2A', 3A 'coming out of the welding face 23. It should also be noted that in figs. 9 to 13 the conductors 1 and 1 'inserted in the core 20 have the respective shape shown in figs. 7B and 8B. In other words, such conductors have respective arms 2, 3 and 2 ', 3' separated by a predetermined amount, for example after a twisting operation of the "head portions" 4, 4 '(such twisting is known to those skilled in the art. and therefore will not be described). It should also be noted that the free end portions 2A, 3A, 2A ', 3A' of figs. 9 to 13 are straight end portions, that is, without any folds.
    [0049] With reference to fig. 12, in which the core 20 and the device 10 are shown in section and in perspective, it can be noted that the arms of the bar conductors are positioned inside the core 20, so as to form four concentric circular arm arrangements and, therefore, therefore, four concentric circular arrangements of free end portions T1, T2, T3, T4 projecting from the welding face 23. In particular, the free end portions of each arrangement T1 to T4 are preferably well leveled or essentially flush with each other, except for the free end portions 2A 'of the phase 1' terminals of the arrangement T1, which form a significant projection with respect to the other end portions 2A of the arrangement T1.
    [0050] Furthermore, as shown in fig. 12, the end portions of the arrangements T1 to T4 are radially aligned with each other in relation to the torsion axis Z - Z.
    [0051] An example of operation of a twisting device as previously described is explained below.
    [0052] In fig. 9, the device 10 and the core 20 are shown in a configuration of insertion of conductors in bars 1, 1 'in housing members 11, 14, 15, 16. In fig. 9, device 10, in particular, assumes an initial configuration corresponding to the configuration of fig. 1. In other words, all secondary structures 11B, 14B, 15B and 16B of the housing members 11, 14, 15, 16 assume said operating position axially backwards (in the figures, a position backwards and downwards).
    [0053] The core 20 is initially supported at an axial distance (Z - Z axis) from the device 10, with the end portions of the arrangements Tl to T4 being directed towards the housing arrangements SI to S4. It should be noted that the Tl to T4 arrangements are associated with the respective SI to S4 arrangements.
    [0054] The core 20 and the device 10 are then axially placed together (axis Z - Z), in order to insert a part of the end portions 2A, 3A, 2A ', 3A' of the arrangements Tl to T4 in the housings of the structures main members 11B, 14B, 15B and 16B of accommodation members. In this way, the arrangement of figs. 11 and 12.
    [0055] It should be noted that, in such an arrangement, all housings 11 A ', 14A', 15A ', 16A' of the main structures 11A, 14A, 15A, 16A internally receive a respective free end portion of the Tl to T4 arrangements . It should also be noted that, with this arrangement, as the secondary structures 11B, 14B, 15B, 16B are in the said rear position, the end portions of the arrangements Tl to T4, which are not inserted in the housings of the main structures 11A, 14A , 15A, 16A are positioned outside housings 11B ', 14B', 15B ', 16B', at an axial distance (Z - Z axis) from the insertion openings 11B ", 14B", 15B "and 16B" of the secondary structures, 11B, 14B, 15B, 16B.
    [0056] It should also be noted that, in the arrangement of fig. 11 or fig. 12, the free end portions of the TI to T4 arrangements that are not inserted in the housings of the main structures 11A, 14A, 15A, 16A are axially offset from each other (axis Z - Z) in relation to the corresponding housings of the secondary structures 11B, 14B , 15B, 16B, by a predetermined angle to the torsion axis. This displacement between the end portions of the TI-T4 arrangements and the housings of the secondary structures 11B, 14B, 15B, 16B is shown, as an example, in fig. 13, where some end portions of the arrangement T4 are shown, which are axially offset with respect to the corresponding housings 16B, 16B 'of one of the secondary structures.
    [0057] In this example, each of the end portions of the TI to T4 arrangements that are not inserted in the housings of the main structures 11A, 14A, 15A, 16A is axially offset in relation to the corresponding housing (that is, in relation to the housing of the secondary structure 11B, 14B, 15B, 16B in which said end portion must be inserted), by an angle equal to half the angle Al or A2 (which is also equal to the angle between two adjacent slots 24), that is, in this example, by an angle of 2.5 °. In any case, it should be noted that, in general terms, in order to avoid interference between the free end portions of the conductors during twisting, it is important that the displacement mentioned above corresponds to an angle less than the angle A2 between two housings 11B 'adjacent.
    [0058] From the arrangement of fig. 11, the housing members 11, 14, 15 and 16 are rotationally driven around the torsion axis Z - Z, and are simultaneously moved in the axial direction, in particular by placing the device 10 closer to the core 20, in order to perform a first torsion only of the end portions of the TI to T4 arrangements that were inserted in the housings of the main structures 11A, 14A, 15A, 16A. In particular, the housing members are each rotated in an opposite direction in relation to the adjacent housing member, so as to twist the end portions of the TI to T4 arrangements in opposite directions.
    [0059] In other words, in order to perform the first twist, the device 10 and the core 20 are subjected to a relative movement of rotation and translation, preferably in a continuous manner, in relation to the Z - Z torsion axis. In this regard, it should be noted that, in principle, the relative movement of rotation and translation can be obtained through different modes. For example, assuming that only one of the arrangements Tl to T4 is twisted, by means of a twisting device that includes only one housing member, for example, a member 11, the arrangement can be such that the housing member is held still and core 20 is rotated and translated. On the other hand, the housing member can be rotated, where the core 20 is moved simultaneously in the direction of that member. However, alternative methods, in relation to that described for carrying out said relative rotation and translation movement, are generally less advantageous.
    [0060] In this example, at the end of the first twist, the housing members 11, 14, 15 and 16 each progressed through a rotation in relation to the twist axis, which is equal to 2.5 °. Consequently, the free end portions of the arrangements T1 to T4, which were initially displaced axially in relation to the corresponding housings, at the end of the first twist, are axially aligned with the corresponding housings of the secondary structures, 11B, 14B, 15B and 16B.
    [0061] It should also be noted that these end portions remain outside the housings of the secondary structures, 11B, 14B, 15B and 16B throughout the first twist.
    [0062] Furthermore, at the end of the first twist, such end portions are still straight end portions, while the end portions that are inserted into the housings of the main structures 11A, 14A, 15A and 16A are folded end portions.
    [0063] At the end of the first torsion step, from the axially back position, the secondary structures 11B, 14B, 15B and 16B are axially translated in relation to the main structures 11A, 14A, 15A and 16A, at the same time, in this example, in order to insert the remaining end portions of the arrangements T1 to T4 in the housings of the secondary structures 11B, 14B, 15B and 16B. In other words, the secondary structures are activated in order to move axially until they are in said axially forward position (fig. 2), in which the remaining free end portions of the arrangements Tl to T4 are received within the secondary structure housing. In particular, in such an arrangement, the insertion openings 11B ", 14B", 15B "and 16B" of the secondary structures are aligned and leveled or substantially aligned and level with the insertion openings 11A ", 14A", 15A "and 16A "of the main structure housing. Furthermore, in such a configuration, the free end portions that are inserted in the housings of the secondary structures 11B, 14B, 15B and 16B are still straight, that is, they have no folds.
    [0064] Since the projecting end portions of all arrangements Tl to T4 are inserted in the housings of the device 10, a second twist is carried out, in which all end portions of the arrangements Tl to T4 are simultaneously folded by one movement relative relative rotation and translation between the core 20 and the housing members of the device 10. The second twist is carried out substantially analogous to the first twist. However, in the second torsion, the housing members of this example perform a greater rotation in relation to the Z - Z torsion axis. In particular, in this example, at the end of the second torsion, each accommodation member performed an additional 20 ° rotation in relation to that of the first twist. Therefore, in this example, the end portions, which were subjected to the first twist, are subject, in total, to a twist of 22.5 ° at the end of the second twist, whereas the end portions that were only subjected to the second twist are subject to a total twist of 20 °. By means of the device 10, therefore, it is possible to perform a non-uniform torsion of the free end portions of the arrangements T1 to T4.
    [0065] FIG. 14 shows the core 20 and the device 10 at the end of the second twisting step. It should be noted that in this configuration, the conductors 1, 1 'of this example are arranged respectively as shown in figs. 7C and 8C.
    [0066] With reference to fig. 16, based on the operation of the aforementioned device 10, it should be noted that, making a generalization of such an operation, a twisting method 100 has been described for twisting free end portions of bar conductors for windings of the bar type of electrical machines , comprising: a) A provision step 101 of a torsion device 10 comprising at least one housing member 11, which extends around a Z - Z torsion axis, provided with a circular arrangement S1 of housings having its center on the torsion axis Z - Z, where the housing member 11 includes a main structure 11A provided with an arc RI of adjacent housings of said arrangement Sl, and a secondary structure 11B which is movably mounted in relation to the main structure 11A and it is provided with an additional housing 11B 'of said arrangement Sl, each of the housing of said arrangement Sl comprising a respective insertion opening 11A ", 11B" through which one of said po free end portions 2A or 2A ', for inserting said free end portion into said housing; b) A provision stage 102 of a stator core 20 or a rotor core 20 provided with a plurality of grooves 24, which are filled by a respective plurality of said bar conductors 1, 1 'positioned with said portions of free ends 2A, 2A 'exiting on one side of the stator or rotor core 20, with said end portions 2A, 2A' forming a circular arrangement T1; c) An insertion step 103, in an arc RI of housings of the main structure 11A, of an arc of adjacent end portions 2A, 2A 'of said arrangement of end portions T1; d) A first twisting step 104 of the end portion arc, which is inserted in said housing arc RI by the relative movement of rotation and translation between said core 20 and said housing member 11; e) A step of transferring axially (Z - Z axis) 105 the secondary structure 11B with respect to the main structure 11A, for insertion, in said additional housing 11B 'of the secondary structure 11B, of another end portion 2A or 2A' of the said arrangement T1, in addition to the arc of end portions which are inserted in said arc R1; and f) A second simultaneous twisting step 106, by means of another relative movement of rotation and translation between said core 20 and said housing member 11, of the arch of end portions which is inserted in the arch of accommodation R1 of the structure main 11A, and also the end portion 2A, 2A 'which is inserted in the additional housing 11B' of the secondary structure 11B.
    [0067] According to an embodiment, the torsion method 100 comprises a step, before the first torsion step 104, to make the secondary structure 11B assume an operating position axially backwards with respect to the main structure 11 A, so that, while said arc of end portions is inserted into the arc R1 of housings, the end portion 2A or 2A 'can be positioned outside the additional housing 11B' at a certain axial distance from the insertion opening 11B "of the said housing 11B '.
    [0068] According to a form of incorporation of the twisting method 100, during the first twisting step 104, said end portion 2A or 2A 'remains outside the additional housing 11B'.
    [0069] According to an embodiment of method 100, before the first twisting step 104, while said arc of end portions is inserted in said arc R1 of housings, the end portion 2A or 2A 'is axially displaced with respect to the additional housing 11B 'by a predetermined angle to the torsion axis Z - Z, while at the end of the first torsion step 104 the end portion 2A or 2A' is axially aligned with the additional housing 11B '.
    [0070] According to an embodiment of method 100, the axial translation step 105 comprises a step of positioning the insertion opening 11B "of the additional housing 11B 'so that it is flush or substantially flush with the insertion openings 11 A "of the accommodation of the referred arch Rl.
    [0071] With reference to fig. 15, it should be noted that said method above can be performed, for example, by means of a twisting device 200, including device 10, in which the core 20 can be discarded. In particular, the apparatus 200 comprises, for example, drive elements 210, which can be coupled to the device 10 to drive the housing members and, in particular, said secondary structures. As an example, the drive elements 210 may comprise electric shafts or other hydraulic or pneumatic servo devices. In addition, apparatus 200 comprises at least one pressure element 220 for coupling and containing connection portions 4, 4 'during the twisting process.
    [0072] Based on the description above, it is possible, therefore, to understand how those mentioned in the torsion method and device allow to satisfy the needs mentioned above.
    [0073] Furthermore, it should be noted that the provision of a secondary structure, which is mounted axially sliding in relation to the main structure of the housing member, with the secondary structure being provided with a plurality of housings, advantageously facilitates the reinforcement of the secondary structure with respect to mechanical stresses, in particular in the circumferential direction, which may occur during torsion. Again, also, the provision of coupling the secondary structure with the main structure by means of a precision coupling, facilitates and advantageously increases the reliability and the mechanical resistance of the torsion device. In general, it should be noted that a twisting device according to the present description allows for particularly efficient and reliable twisting, which is at the same time characterized by a relatively simple and robust structure.
    [0074] Based on the principle of the invention, the ways of implementing it and its particular forms of incorporation may be subject to wide modifications with regard to the description and illustrations, which are merely illustrative and not limiting, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    1. Twisting method (100) for twisting free end portions (2A, 3A, 2A ', 3A') of bar conductors (1, 1 ') for a rod winding of a stator or rotor of an electrical machine, including: - A provisioning step (101) of a torsion device (10) comprising at least one housing member (11), which extends around a torsion axis (Z - Z), provided with a circular arrangement (Sl) of accommodation having its center on the torsion axis (Z - Z), where the accommodation member (11) includes a main structure (11A) provided with an arch (Rl) of adjacent accommodation of said arrangement (Sl), and a secondary structure (11B) which is movably mounted in relation to the main structure (11A) and is provided with an additional housing (11B ') of said arrangement (Sl), each of the housing of said arrangement (Sl) comprising a respective insertion opening (11A ", 11B") through which one of said free end portions (2A, 2A ') passes, for insertion of said the free end portion within said housing; - A provision step (102) of a stator core (20) or a rotor core (20) provided with a plurality of grooves (24), which are filled by a respective plurality of said bar conductors (1, 1 ') positioned with said free end portions (2A, 2A') exiting on one side of the stator or rotor core (20), with said end portions (2A, 2A ') forming a circular arrangement (Tl) ; - an insertion step (103), in an arc (R1) of housings of the main structure (11A), of an arc of adjacent end portions (2A, 2A ') of said arrangement of end portions (Tl); - A first torsion step (104) of the end portion arc, which is inserted in said housing arc (Rl) by the relative movement of rotation and translation between said core (20) and said housing member (11) ; the method being further characterized by: - a step of translating the secondary structure (11B) axially (105) in relation to the main structure (11A), for insertion, in said additional housing (11B ') of the secondary structure (11B), an additional end portion (2A) of said end portion arrangement (T1); and - A second simultaneous twisting step (106), by means of another relative movement of rotation and translation between said core (20) and said housing member (11), of the arc of end portions that is inserted in the housing arch (R1) of the main structure (11A), and also of the end portion (2A, 2A7) which is inserted in the additional housing (11B ') of the secondary structure (11B).
    [0002]
    2. Torsion method (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a step, before the first torsion step (104), of making the secondary structure (11B) assume an operating position axially backwards in relation to to the main structure (HA), so that, while said end portion arch is inserted in the housing arch (R1), the end portion (2A) can be positioned outside the additional housing (11B ') at a certain axial distance from the insertion opening (11B ") of said housing (11B ').
    [0003]
    Torsion method (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, during the first torsion torsion step (104), said additional end portion (2A) remains outside the additional housing (UB7).
    [0004]
    Torsion method (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, before the first torsion step (104), while said arc of end portions is inserted in the housing arc (R1), the portion of the additional end is axially displaced with respect to the additional housing (11B ') by a predetermined angle to the torsion axis (Z - Z), where, at the end of the first torsion step (104), the additional end portion is axially aligned with the additional housing (UB7).
    [0005]
    Torsion method (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial translation step (105) comprises a step of positioning the insertion opening (11B ") of the additional housing (11B ') so that it is level or substantially flush with the insertion openings (11A ") of the housings of said arc (R1).
    [0006]
    6. Twisting device (10) for twisting free end portions (2A, 3A, 2A ', 3A') of bar conductors (1, 1 ') of a stator or rotor winding of an electrical machine, including at least a housing member (11) extending around a torsion axis (Z - Z), said housing member being provided with a circular arrangement (Sl) of housings having its center on the torsion axis (Z - Z) ), each housing (11A ', 11B') being provided with an insertion opening (11A ", 11B") through which one of said free end portions (2A, 2A ') passes, for insertion of such portion into said housing, where the housing member (11) comprises: - A main structure (11A) adapted to define an arc (Rl) of adjacent accommodations of said assembly (Sl); - A secondary structure (11B) that is movably mounted in relation to the main structure (11A), and is provided with an additional housing (11B ') of said assembly (Sl); the torsion device (10), characterized in that the secondary structure (11B) is mounted axially sliding (Z - Z) in relation to the main structure (11A).
    [0007]
    Torsion device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the secondary structure (11B) can slide in relation to the main structure (11A) only in the direction of the torsion axis (Z - Z).
    [0008]
    Torsion device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the secondary structure (11B) assumes: - An axially backward operating position, in which the secondary structure (11B) defines a recess (13) of the housing member (11), and the insertion opening (11B ") of the additional housing (11B ') is positioned at a first axial distance (Z - Z) from the insertion openings (11A") of the housing (11A) of the said arc (R1); and - An operating position axially forward, relative to said backward position, in which the insertion opening (11B ") of said additional housing (11B ') is positioned at a second axial distance from the insertion openings (11A ") of the housings (11A ') of said arc (Rl).
    [0009]
    Torsion device (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that said forward position, the insertion opening (11B ") of the additional housing (ÍIBQ is level or substantially level with the insertion openings (11A ") of the housings (1 IA ') of said arc (Rl).
    [0010]
    Torsion device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the additional housing (11B ') is positioned adjacent to a housing (11A') of said arc (Rl), and the housing (11 A ') of said arc (Rl) are angularly and uniformly spaced from each other by a predetermined angle (Al) in relation to the torsion axis (Z - Z), with the additional housing (11B ') being angularly spaced from said adjacent housing (11A ') by an angle that is different from said predetermined angle.
    [0011]
    Torsion device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the secondary structure (11B) is provided with a plurality of additional housings (UB7).
    [0012]
    Torsion device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the secondary structure (11B) is coupled to the main structure (11A) by means of a precision coupling, to allow said axial sliding (Z - Z ) of the secondary structure (11B).
    [0013]
    Torsion device (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that, in order to provide said precision coupling, the housing member (11) includes a sliding seat (12), in which the secondary structure ( 11B) can slide, such a sliding seat (12) being defined by two opposite circumferential guide walls (12 ', 12 ") of the main structure (11A).
    [0014]
    Torsion device (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the housing member (11) comprises a plurality of secondary structures (11B).
    [0015]
    Torsion apparatus (200) characterized in that it comprises a torsion device (10) as defined in any one of claims 6 to 14.
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    WO2012093413A1|2012-07-12|
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    法律状态:
    2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-09-03| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2020-07-28| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2020-09-29| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 04/01/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    PCT/IT2011/000004|WO2012093413A1|2011-01-04|2011-01-04|Method and fixture for twisting end portions of bar conductors, in particular for bar windings of electric machines|
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